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Geomatic Engineering — Syllabus

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10 chapters
1.1Introduction to surveyingAGeE0101
  1. 1.History; definitions; principles; classifications; applications; scale; linear and angular measurements; units; standardization and conversion.
1.2Traditional methods of surveyingAGeE0102
  1. 1. Chain and Tape (types and corrections); Plane Table; Compass; Theodolite; Tacheometry.
1.3Horizontal controlAGeE0103
  1. 1.Triangulation; Trilateration; Traversing (Principles, Methods, strength of figures, Computations, and Error Adjustments); applications
1.4Vertical controlAGeE0104
  1. 1.Levelling and Types, Direct and Indirect Leveling (Spirit Levelling, Precise Levelling; Reciprocal Levelling and Trigonometric Leveling) Errors and Corrections, temporary and permanent adjustment in Levelling.
1.5Topographical surveyingAGeE0105
  1. 1.Planning, Reconnaissance, Monumentation, Control Survey, Detailing; Contouring, Mapping and Drafting.
1.6Adjustment of observationAGeE0106
  1. 1.Introduction, Theory of measurements and errors, source of errors and types, Accuracy and Precision, Least Square Adjustments (principles; methods of observation equations, differences and correlates, linearization of nonlinear equations; intersection, resection, traverse, triangulation and trilateration adjustments); Propagation of Errors; variance, Co–variance, Correlation and Regression.
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2.1Fundamentals of photogrammetryAGeE0201
  1. 1.Definition of Photogrammetry, principles, types, history of photogrammetry, scope and application of photogrammetry
2.2Aerial photogrammetryAGeE0202
  1. 1.Types of aerial photographs, Vertical scale of aerial photograph, Photogrammetry process, Flight plan, orientation (Interior and exterior orientation, Inner, Relative Absolute Orientation) Aerial triangulation, Block adjustment, Effect of relief and tilt displacement, Rectification, Oblique photography, Photo mosaics and photo maps, Pre-pointing and post pointing, Properties of ideal GCP.
2.3Binocular vision and digital photogrammetryAGeE0203
  1. 1. Human eye and its characteristics, Stereoscopic Vision, Pseudoscopic Vision, Anaglyph Vision, Application of stereo vision and parallax in photogrammetry, Digital Photogrammetry Process, Image Matching; Area Based and Feature Based Image Matching.
2.4Fundamentals of remote sensingAGeE0204
  1. 1.Introduction and brief history of Remote Sensing, types of sensor, Resolution (Spatial, Spectral, Radiometric and Temporal) and platform, Electromagnetic Radiation Spectrum, spectral reflectance curve, Interaction of EMR with Atmosphere and Earth Surface
2.5Image processing and interpretationAGeE0205
  1. 1.Image Enhancement, Histogram, Filtering, Radiometric distortion and corrections, Geometric distortion and correction, Image classifications (Unsupervised and Supervised), Accuracy assessment and Image interpretation process.
2.6Terrain models generation and ortho productsAGeE0206
  1. 1.Methods (UAV, LiDAR, Stereo Imageries, HRSI, Basics of Microwave Remote Sensing, SAR and InSAR), Products (DTM, DEM, DSM), 2D and 3D products.
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3.1 Basic geodesyAGeE0301
  1. 1.Definitions; shape of earth; coordinates; geoid vs ellipsoid; deflection of verticals; laplace equation
3.2Mathematical and geometrical concept of geodesyAGeE0302
  1. 1.Basic ellipsoidal geometry; Coordinates calculation on ellipsoidal surface; selection of ellipsoid; Normal section; meridional and prime vertical arc
3.3 Datum, coordinate system and projectionsAGeE0303
  1. 1.Definition; Coordinate system (Reference Frame, system; terrestrial; celestial; orbital, ITRS/ITRF/ECEF, local and global spheroids); Transformation (Coordinate transformation, datum transformation; geocentric and geographic, local to global); Reflection and Rotation matrix
3.4Physical geodesyAGeE0304
  1. 1.Newton’s Laws; Gravity Force; Gravity Potential; Theoretical, Measured and Normal Gravity; Gravity Anomaly; Undulations and Heights; Level surfaces and plumb lines
3.5Gravimetry and gravity field of earthAGeE0305
  1. 1. Laplace equation and spherical coordinates; Spherical Harmonics; Clairut's Formula; Gravimeters; Isostatics and Non-Isostatic Gravity Reduction
3.6Field astronomy and time systemsAGeE0306
  1. 1.Celestial sphere; Celestial systems; spherical triangle; Napier rule; Sidereal Time and Universal Time; Local and Standard time; time conversion; Motions of heavenly bodies (precession, nutation, polar motion, aberration, parallax and refraction); Dependent and Independent Coordinate System; Star Almanac
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4.1Introduction to cadastreAGeE0401
  1. 1.History, Principles, Components of Cadastre; International practices; Cadastral survey methods- Analog and Digital, Projection system and sheet numbering; Cadastral System of Nepal; Procedure and Update of Records.
4.2Land administrationAGeE0402
  1. 1.Definition; functions; Land Reform; Land Taxation; Land Market
4.3 Land tenure and land registrationAGeE0403
  1. 1.Land laws; Tenure Security; Tenure System; Land registration and their types; merits and demerits of land registration systems
4.4 Land information systemAGeE0404
  1. 1.Components; Stakeholders; Data; Procedure; Data maintenance and Dissemination
4.5Land use and land valuationAGeE0405
  1. 1.Concepts of Land use and land use planning; Participation and Implementation in planning; Land Consolidation and Land Pooling; Land Governance; Land Conflicts and Resolutions; Basics of land valuation; Legal basis for land valuation; Land valuation in Nepal
4.6 Land related Policies, Acts, Rules and RegulationAGeE0406
  1. 1.Land Act; National Land Use Policy; National Land Policy; Land Use Act and Regulations; Land (Survey and Measurement) Act, Rules
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5.1Fundamentals and principles of GNSSAGeE0501
  1. 1.GNSS Observable (carrier phase, code pseudo ranges and doppler frequency), antenna and receiver characteristics.
5.2Mathematical modelsAGeE0502
  1. 1.Coordinate Reference System for GNSS; Point positioning; Relative Positioning; mathematical model for GNSS satellite orbit.
5.3GNSS signals and processingAGeE0503
  1. 1. Fundamentals of GNSS signals, Linear Carrier Phase Combinations (Single Differencing, Double Differencing, Triple Differencing, Carrier Smoothing of the Code), System Biases and Error (Multipath, Timing and Orbital Biases, Troposphere, Ionosphere).
5.4 Satellite geometry and DOPAGeE0504
  1. 1.Fundamentals of satellite geometry, Survey Planning and Dilution of Precision (DOP), GNSS Survey Specifications and Quality Assurance
5.5Static and kinematic positioningAGeE0505
  1. 1.Fundamentals of Static and kinematic positioning, Static Positioning Performance and Applications, Rapid Static Performance and Applications, Kinematic Positioning Performance and Applications Pseudo-Kinematic (Pseudo-Static) Positioning, Semi (or Stop and Go) Kinematic Positioning, Real-time Positioning and Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS)
5.6Positioning by inertial navigation system (INS)AGeE0506
  1. 1.Fundamentals of INS, Mathematical Model, Kalman Filtering.
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6.1Fundamentals of cartography and visualizationAGeE0601
  1. 1. Basic definitions and development, Classification of maps, Types of Maps, Map Scale, Enlargement and Reduction of Map, Uses of Map
6.2Map projection and map sheet numberingAGeE0602
  1. 1.Introduction, Classification of Map Projection, Map distortion and Scale Factor, Choice of Map Projection (National & International Practices), Map sheet numbering (National & International Practices), Map Sheet Numbering for Topographic Base Maps in Nepal.
6.3Cartographic visualizationAGeE0603
  1. 1.Principles and Objectives of map design; Map Symbols; Visual Hierarchy; Measurement Scales; Graphic Visual Variables and their association; Thematic map presentation.
6.4Generalization, typography and color theoryAGeE0604
  1. 1. Generalization definition, types and guidelines; Typographic grammar; General and Specific typographic guidelines, Toponymy, Color Theory, Color Guidelines, Color Models.
6.5Digital cartography and web cartographyAGeE0605
  1. 1.Introduction to digital cartography, Raster and Vector Data Model, Steps of Digital Method of Map Making, Conventional and Digital Cartography, Digital Landscape Model (DLM) and Digital Cartographic Model (DCM), Classification; Client Server architecture, OGC Standards, Dynamic maps and Dynamic Visual Variables.
6.6Map element, and reproduction techniquesAGeE0606
  1. 1.Data Classification Techniques; Map layout prerequisites and elements; layout balance, Introduction to map reproduction, Contact Photography, Concept of thickening and thinning, Plate Making Process (positive, negative and digital plate making system), Map Printing (Flat Bed Printing, Rotary offset printing and digital printing).
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7.1Fundamentals of SDBMSAGeE0701
  1. 1.Terminologies; components and functions; Database Access Language
7.2Spatial data infrastructureAGeE0702
  1. 1.principle and components; standards; metadata; data accessibility; data interoperability
7.3Data modelAGeE0703
  1. 1.Components; types (Relational, Network, Hierarchical, Entity Relationship, UML)
7.4 Structured query languageAGeE0704
  1. 1.SQL Overview; RDBMS; Constraints and Keys; SQL Syntax; Data Types.
7.5 Spatial database technologyAGeE0705
  1. 1. OODBMS and ORDBMS; Spatial Data Types and Models; Operation on spatial data; Spatial Joining and indexing; Spatial Data Mining; Spatial Query Language; OGIS Standards; Basics of PostGIS and PostgreSQL; Spatial storage and access.
7.6NSDIAGeE0706
  1. 1.Organizational structure; Policy; Metadata; Clearing house; Client server architecture and application
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8.1Fundamentals of GISAGeE0801
  1. 1.Components; Historical development; Georeferencing, data formats; data quality, topology and spatial relationship
8.2Data source and spatial data model:AGeE0802
  1. 1.Data Source, Metadata and Standards; Vector and Raster data model; Field based and Object based model; TIN and Grid.
8.3Geometric transformation and geospatial analysisAGeE0803
  1. 1.Database Query; Overlay Analysis; Network Analysis; Geospatial Measurement; Geovisualization, Data driven techniques, Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD).
8.4Surface modelingAGeE0804
  1. 1.Surface Curvature; Surface Intersection; Hillshade; Viewshed; Watershed; Slope and Aspect, algorithm and their applications
8.5 Spatial interpolation and application of DTMAGeE0805
  1. 1. Interpolation and Resampling Methods; Spatial dependence and Semivariogram; Ordinary and Universal Kriging; point based moving average model; DSM; DEM; Breaklines.
8.6Open GISAGeE0806
  1. 1. Open - source GIS Software, GeoServer; Web Map Service (WMS); Web Feature Service (WFS), Web Coverage Service (WCS); Data Visualization and application.
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9.1 IntroductionAGeE0901
  1. 1.Preliminary, feasibility, construction; objectives; scope; methodology; horizontal and vertical controls.
9.2Hydrographic, hydropower and Irrigation surveyAGeE0902
  1. 1. Introduction; objectives; scope; methodology; depth measurement equipment and working principle, discharge measurement; river profile and crosssection; Bridge survey; Gauge station, Project components (Reservoir, Dam/weir, Intake, conveyance system, penstock, powerhouse, tailrace.
9.3 Underground surveyingAGeE0903
  1. 1.Introduction; objectives; scope; methodology; underground survey equipment’s; terminologies; connecting surface and underground survey; tunnel survey; tunnel convergence monitoring and instrumentation general introduction; Geophysical survey: Electrical Resistivity Tomography survey general introduction.
9.4Route surveyingAGeE0904
  1. 1.Introduction; objectives; scope; methodology for surveying transmission line, sewer, pipeline, road, railway, cable car; curves (Types; elements; setting out of simple circular curve and vertical curves; transition curves and applications; super elevation).
9.5Basic civil engineeringAGeE0905
  1. 1.General Introduction to civil engineering structures (Building, Bridges, Dam, Weir, Tunnel, Road); Stakeout (Introduction and Survey Technique).
9.6Quantity surveyAGeE0906
  1. 1.Construction materials; Estimation, Area and volume calculation, methodology, mass haul diagram and properties).
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10.1 Engineering drawings and its conceptsAALL1001
  1. 1.Fundamentals of standard drawing sheets, dimensions, scale, line diagram, orthographic projection, isometric projection/view, pictorial views, and sectional drawing
10.2Engineering EconomicsAALL1002
  1. 1.understanding of project cash flow; discount rate, interest and time value of money; basic methodologies for engineering economics analysis (Discounted Payback Period, NPV, IRR & MARR); comparison of alternatives, depreciation system and taxation system in Nepal.
10.3Project planning and schedulingAALL1003
  1. 1.project classifications; project life cycle phases; project planning process; project scheduling (bar chart, CPM, PERT); resources levelling and smoothing; monitoring/evaluation/controlling.
10.4Project managementAALL1004
  1. 1.Information system; project risk analysis and management; project financing, tender and its process, and contract management.
10.5Engineering professional practiceAALL1005
  1. 1.Environment and society; professional ethics; regulatory environment; contemporary issues/problems in engineering; occupational health and safety; roles/responsibilities of Nepal Engineers Association (NEA).
10.6Engineering Regulatory BodyAALL1006
  1. 1.Nepal Engineering Council (Acts & Regulations)
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