Chapter 7 · MCQ Read Mode

Decision Making

If the price of a good rises by 10% and quantity demanded falls by 20%, demand is:

An increase in consumer income for a normal good causes:

A consumer is in equilibrium when the marginal utility per rupee spent on each good is:

The marginal cost curve cuts the average total cost curve at:

Which cost is irrelevant to a future decision?

A firm in perfect competition is a:

Excess capacity in the long run is a characteristic of:

The kinked demand curve model explains:

A situation in which no player can improve their payoff by unilaterally changing strategy is:

Demand for labour by a firm is called derived demand because it depends on:

Unemployment caused by a mismatch between workers' skills and available jobs is:

Inflation caused by a rise in imported fuel prices is an example of:

Raising the cash reserve ratio by the central bank is an instrument of:

Concurrent engineering means:

The traditional approach in which design is completed and then 'thrown over the wall' to manufacturing is called:

A major measurable benefit of concurrent engineering is:

Designing a product so that it has fewer parts and is easy to assemble is:

The technique that converts the voice of the customer into engineering characteristics is:

The technique that identifies potential failure modes and ranks them by a risk priority number is:

Making product performance insensitive to uncontrollable (noise) factors is the aim of:

Business process re-engineering is defined as:

The main enabler of business process re-engineering is:

Improving one department's performance at the expense of the whole organisation is called:

Linking shop-floor sensors, PLCs, SCADA, MES and ERP is an example of:

A cooperative concurrent-engineering team is typically:

Spending more effort in the early design phase because changes are cheapest then is known as:

Value in value engineering is defined as:

Value engineering is applied mainly at the:

The value-engineering technique was originated by:

In function analysis, a function is expressed by:

A FAST diagram is used to:

The phase of the value-engineering job plan in which ideas are generated without criticism is the:

The correct order of the value-engineering job plan is: implementation

'Worth' in value engineering means:

Which of the following is NOT a type of value?

Unnecessary cost in value engineering is cost that:

Value engineering differs from simple cost cutting because it:

A value-engineering study should preferably be applied first to items that:

Replacing a machined component with a moulded one after a VE study, keeping the same function, results in:

In linear programming, the optimal solution always occurs at:

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of linear programming?

If a maximisation LP has an objective function parallel to a binding constraint, the problem has:

The shadow price of a resource that is not fully used in the optimal solution is:

In duality, the optimal objective values of the primal and dual problems are:

Sensitivity analysis of an LP solution determines:

The coefficient of determination R² of a regression indicates:

In exponential smoothing, increasing the value of α:

A four-period moving average forecast for demands 40, 44, 48 and 52 is:

The mean absolute deviation (MAD) of forecast errors is:

In a two-person zero-sum game, a saddle point exists when:

In Monte Carlo simulation, random-number intervals are assigned to outcomes in proportion to their:

The distribution most commonly used to model the number of customer arrivals per hour is the:

Productivity is defined as the ratio of:

Work study consists of:

In a flow process chart, a triangle symbol represents:

The chart used to study the idle time of a worker and machine together is the:

A string diagram is used mainly to:

Therbligs are:

Which statement is a principle of motion economy?

If the observed time for an element is 0.5 min and the operator is rated at 120%, the basic time is:

Standard time is equal to:

A basic time of 4 minutes with a total allowance of 15% gives a standard time of:

The personal-needs allowance in time study is usually about:

Work sampling is most suitable for:

For 95% confidence, the number of observations in work sampling is given by:

The basic aim of ergonomics is to:

According to the allocation of functions, humans are superior to machines in:

For reading an exact numerical value, the most suitable display is a:

An auditory warning signal is preferred when the message:

Shape coding of aircraft or machine controls is used mainly to:

Turning a knob clockwise is expected to increase the output. This is an example of:

Clearance dimensions such as doorway height and legroom should be designed for the:

The recommended working height for precision bench work is:

The occupational noise exposure limit widely used for an 8-hour shift is:

The load constant used in the NIOSH lifting equation is:

A lifting index (LI) greater than 1 indicates that the task:

RULA and REBA are tools used to assess:

In a computer workstation, the top of the monitor should be placed: