Chapter 1 · MCQ Read Mode

Introduction to Chemical Engineering

The order of a reaction:

Molecularity of a reaction step:

The rate constant of a reaction has units of s to the minus one. The reaction is:

The half-life of a first-order reaction:

A plot of the natural logarithm of concentration against time gives a straight line. The reaction is:

In the Arrhenius equation, a plot of ln k against the reciprocal of absolute temperature has a slope of:

A reaction with a high activation energy will be:

The difference between the activation energies of the forward and reverse reactions equals the:

A catalyst increases the rate of a reversible reaction by:

For the reaction 2A + B gives 3C, the relationship between the rates is:

Raising the pressure on a gas-phase equilibrium shifts it towards:

For an exothermic reversible reaction, raising the temperature will:

Adding an inert gas to a gas-phase equilibrium at constant volume will:

The volume occupied by one kilomole of an ideal gas at 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere is:

A compressibility factor of 0.7 for a gas indicates that:

The generalised compressibility chart is useful because Z is approximately the same for all gases at the same:

In the van der Waals equation, the constant b corrects for:

For a system of one component existing as two phases in equilibrium, the number of degrees of freedom is:

At the triple point of a pure substance, the number of degrees of freedom is:

Above its critical temperature, a gas:

Raoult's law states that the partial pressure of a component above an ideal solution equals:

Relative volatility of two components in a mixture equals one. This means that:

An azeotropic mixture is one in which:

Henry's law is most applicable to:

On a temperature-composition diagram at constant pressure, the upper curve represents the:

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation shows that a plot of the logarithm of vapour pressure against the reciprocal of absolute temperature is:

The general material balance equation is:

Which balance is always valid even when a chemical reaction occurs?

Element balances are often preferred for combustion calculations because:

The limiting reactant in a reaction is the one that:

Percentage excess air in a combustion calculation is based on:

In combustion calculations, the number of moles of nitrogen accompanying each mole of oxygen from air is:

An Orsat analysis of flue gas reports the composition on:

Nitrogen is commonly used as a tie component in combustion balances because it:

In a process with recycle, the overall conversion is:

When writing an overall balance around a process containing a recycle loop:

A purge stream is required in a recycle loop in order to:

At steady state in a recycle loop with a purge, the rate at which inert enters in the fresh feed equals the rate at which it:

A degrees of freedom analysis gives a value of plus two for a flowsheet. This means the problem is:

For a steady-flow process with no shaft work and negligible kinetic and potential energy changes, the energy balance reduces to:

Which of the following is a path function rather than a state function?

The standard heat of formation of oxygen gas at 25 degrees Celsius is:

The standard heat of reaction is calculated from formation enthalpies as:

An exothermic reaction is characterised by:

The gross calorific value of a fuel differs from the net value by:

Hess's law allows the heat of a reaction to be calculated because enthalpy change is:

Kirchhoff's equation is used to:

The adiabatic flame temperature of a fuel is reduced by:

In a reactor energy balance using the heat of reaction method, the hypothetical path taken is:

For an ideal gas, the relationship between the two heat capacities is:

The latent heat of vaporisation of water at 100 degrees Celsius is approximately:

In solving a combined material and energy balance problem, the correct order is to:

The distinction between a unit operation and a unit process is that a unit process involves:

In industrial nitration using mixed acid, the function of the sulphuric acid is to:

The greatest hazard associated with industrial nitration is:

The catalyst used in the contact process for the vapour-phase oxidation of sulphur dioxide is:

Ethylene dichloride is an important industrial chemical chiefly because it is the route to:

Industrial hydrogenation of vegetable oils is carried out principally in order to:

The catalyst normally used in the hydrogenation of edible oils is:

The progress of oil hydrogenation is commonly monitored by measuring the:

A recognised health concern arising from the partial hydrogenation of oils is the formation of:

Saponification is the:

In the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch to dextrose, the enzyme used for the initial liquefaction step is:

Which type of polymerization eliminates a small molecule such as water during the reaction?

Which method of polymerization gives excellent heat control and a granular product that is easily separated, and is the standard route for PVC?

Unsteady-state behaviour of a well-mixed stirred tank is described mathematically by:

Partial differential equations arise in process modelling when:

An empirical or black box model is characterised by the fact that it:

A lumped parameter model assumes that:

Which numerical method is the standard workhorse for solving initial value ordinary differential equations?

The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve:

A stiff system of differential equations is one in which:

Verification of a process model asks whether:

In the sequential modular approach to flowsheet simulation:

The equation-oriented approach to simulation is particularly advantageous for:

A steady-state material balance on a flowsheet without reaction gives rise to:

The principal reason for using simulation rather than experimenting on the plant is that simulation:

A model in which random variation is deliberately included, as in residence time distribution analysis, is described as: