Chapter 7 · MCQ Read Mode

Chemical Industrial Technology

In the electrolysis of brine, chlorine is liberated at the

Which chlor-alkali cell gives the lowest overall energy consumption and is the standard for new plants?

In the Solvay process for soda ash, the substance recovered and recycled is

The Solvay process cannot be used economically to manufacture potassium carbonate because

The catalyst used in the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid is

In the contact process, sulphur trioxide is absorbed in 98 per cent sulphuric acid rather than in water because

In the Ostwald process for nitric acid, ammonia is oxidised over

Nitric acid cannot be concentrated beyond about 68 per cent by simple distillation because

In the cryogenic separation of air, the component that is removed first as a vapour from the top of the column is

Acetylene for industrial use is stored dissolved in acetone on a porous filler because

Water gas is manufactured by passing steam over incandescent coke; the process is operated in a blow-and-run cycle because

In the Haber-Bosch process, the catalyst used is

The cumene process is industrially important because it produces

Gypsum is added to Portland cement clinker during grinding in order to

The compound in Portland cement chiefly responsible for early strength development is

For mass concrete work such as a large dam, the preferred cement is one with

Portland cement hardens by

Magnesite and dolomite refractories are classified as

A refractory of high porosity generally has

In glass manufacture, limestone is added principally to

Borosilicate glass is preferred for laboratory glassware because it has

The annealing of glass in a lehr is carried out in order to

In the float process, molten glass is floated on a bath of

In a paint formulation, the component that forms the continuous film and determines adhesion and durability is the

Titanium dioxide is the most widely used white pigment because of its

A lacquer differs from a varnish and an enamel chiefly in that it

In the fertilizer grade notation, the second and third numbers represent the percentages of

The principal reason phosphate rock must be chemically processed before use as a fertilizer is that

In the wet process for phosphoric acid, the major solid by-product is

Triple superphosphate has a much higher P₂O₅ content than single superphosphate because

Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is produced by reacting phosphoric acid with

Urea is manufactured from ammonia and carbon dioxide through the intermediate

Urea is the most important solid nitrogenous fertilizer because it has

Biuret in urea fertilizer is undesirable because it is

Ammonium nitrate requires careful regulation in storage and transport because it

Ammonium sulphate fertilizer has the disadvantage that it

Potassium sulphate is preferred to potassium chloride for crops such as tobacco and grapes because it

The Mannheim process is used for the manufacture of

Potassium chloride is separated from sodium chloride in sylvinite ore mainly by flotation

The principal purpose of chemical pulping of wood is to

In the kraft pulping process, the active chemicals in the white liquor are

In the kraft recovery cycle, green liquor is converted back to white liquor by

In a cane sugar mill, bagasse is used principally as

Rectified spirit obtained by ordinary distillation of fermented liquor contains about 95 per cent ethanol because

Citric acid is manufactured commercially by fermentation using

In the hydrogenation of vegetable oils, the iodine value of the product

The valuable by-product recovered during the manufacture of soap by saponification is

Synthetic detergents are superior to soap in hard water because they

Branched-chain alkylbenzene sulphonate detergents were replaced by the linear form because the branched compounds

Nylon 6,6 is manufactured by the condensation polymerisation of

Viscose rayon is correctly described as

Vat dyes such as indigo are applied to cotton by

Vacuum distillation is used for the atmospheric residue because

Catalytic reforming of naphtha is carried out principally to

The catalyst used in modern catalytic reforming is

In a fluid catalytic cracking unit, the heat required for the endothermic cracking reaction is supplied by

Compared with thermal cracking, catalytic cracking produces

In the octane number scale, the reference compound assigned a value of 100 is

A hydrocarbon with a high octane number will generally have

Ethylene and propylene are produced industrially mainly by

The feedstock that gives the highest proportion of ethylene relative to other products in a steam cracker is

Which of the following is a condensation polymer?

A thermosetting plastic differs from a thermoplastic in that it

High-density polyethylene differs from low-density polyethylene chiefly in that HDPE has

Among the formaldehyde resins, the one offering the best hardness, water resistance and surface quality is

The nanoscale is generally defined as the size range

The principal reason nanoparticles show greatly enhanced catalytic activity compared with the bulk material is

Quantum dots emit light of different colours depending on

A carbon nanotube is classified as a

Graphene is best described as

Synthesis of nanomaterials by ball milling of a bulk material is an example of

The melting point of a metallic nanoparticle compared with that of the bulk metal is

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are used in self-cleaning glass because they

Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are preferred to their bulk forms in sunscreens because they

The main advantage of nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery is that it

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are used in medicine principally as

Nano-fertilizers offer an advantage over conventional fertilizers because they

The toxicity of a nanomaterial depends on