Chapter 9 · MCQ Read Mode

Wireless and Telecommunication System

The first generation (1G) of mobile telecommunication systems was characterized by:

2G mobile systems (e.g. GSM, CDMA) introduced which major advancement over 1G?

4G (LTE/LTE-Advanced) networks are distinguished by being:

5G networks primarily add which new capability compared to 4G?

Which transmission medium offers the highest bandwidth and lowest attenuation for long-haul telecommunication backbones?

Twisted pair copper cable is most commonly associated with:

A key advantage of wireless/radio transmission media over wired media is:

The evolution of telecommunication historically began with:

Which of the following is a future trend in telecommunication networks?

Coaxial cable, compared to twisted pair, generally offers:

The free space propagation model assumes received power decreases with distance d as:

Diffraction in radio propagation refers to:

Scattering occurs when a radio wave encounters an object that is:

The Rayleigh fading model is typically applied when:

The cellular concept increases system capacity mainly by:

Handover (handoff) in a cellular network refers to:

Cell splitting is used to:

Cell sectoring improves system performance mainly by:

A key difference between fixed and dynamic channel assignment strategies is:

Which propagation mechanism explains why a signal can be received even when there is no direct line-of-sight path to the transmitter?

Equalization in a wireless receiver is primarily used to:

Diversity techniques combat fading by:

Space diversity is achieved by:

Spread spectrum modulation spreads a signal's energy over a bandwidth that is:

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) achieves spreading by:

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) operates by:

In TDMA, multiple users are separated by:

In CDMA, users sharing the same time and frequency are distinguished by:

OFDMA, used in systems such as LTE/5G, allocates resources to users based on:

Time diversity combats fading by:

Digital (time-division) switching operates by:

Circuit switching is characterized by:

Packet switching, compared to circuit switching, is characterized by:

A softswitch primarily separates:

Traditional hardware-based circuit switches, compared to softswitches, typically have:

Routing in a telecommunication network refers to:

Signaling in a telecommunication network refers to the exchange of:

Common-channel signaling (e.g. SS7) differs from in-band signaling in that it:

Analog (space-division) switching physically connects circuits using:

Which switching approach is best suited to bursty data traffic shared efficiently among many users?

The 'busy hour' in teletraffic engineering refers to:

Traffic intensity in a telecommunication network is typically measured in:

Grade of Service (GoS) represents:

Common channel signaling (CCS), such as SS7, uses:

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is characterized by:

For continuous, delay-sensitive traffic such as voice, which switching approach is traditionally best suited?

Packet switching is generally preferred over circuit switching for:

Modern personal communication networks (PCN)/mobile systems increasingly carry even voice traffic using:

A protocol for network access defines:

Service levels in traffic engineering define:

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is best described as:

Which ITU sector is primarily responsible for radiocommunication matters, including spectrum management?

In Nepal, the autonomous body responsible for telecom licensing, spectrum allocation, and QoS enforcement is:

The Ministry of Communication and Information (Technology) in Nepal is primarily responsible for:

The national frequency allocation plan serves to:

The Radio Act in Nepal primarily governs:

International coordination of telecommunication standards and spectrum is primarily achieved through:

Nepal's telecom regulatory framework operates at which levels?

Setting tariff and interconnection rules for telecom operators in Nepal falls primarily under the role of:

ITU-T, one of the ITU's three sectors, focuses primarily on:

The Fourier Transform is used to:

When a square wave is applied to an integrator op-amp circuit, the output is:

The Z-transform is primarily used for:

Interleaving in digital communications provides what type of diversity?

In FDM, increasing the modulation index results in:

Adding zeros to the end of a discrete signal before taking its DFT is called:

In TDM (Time Division Multiplexing), the component essential for recovering individual channels at the receiver is:

In a common-collector (emitter follower) BJT amplifier, the phase relationship between input and output is: