Chapter 5 · MCQ Read Mode

Measurement, Instrumentation and Control

A static error in measurement is best described as an error that occurs when:

Dynamic error arises mainly because:

Maxwell’s bridge is primarily used to measure:

Schering bridge is widely used for measuring:

Wien bridge is commonly used for:

The general AC bridge balance condition requires:

Systematic errors in measurement include all of the following EXCEPT:

Gross errors in measurement are typically caused by:

A bridge circuit used to measure the dissipation factor of a capacitor is the:

Which type of error can never be completely eliminated but only minimized statistically?

A transducer that requires an external power source to operate is called a:

A thermocouple is an example of a(n):

An LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) is used to measure:

A strain gauge works on the principle that its:

An RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) typically has a:

A thermocouple generates a voltage based on the:

A piezoelectric transducer generates an output voltage when:

A photovoltaic cell (solar cell) is classified as a(n):

In a binary-weighted resistor DAC, the resolution is determined mainly by the:

Which ADC type offers the fastest conversion speed by using a bank of comparators?

In an indicating instrument, the damping system is primarily used to:

A PMMC (Permanent Magnet Moving Coil) instrument responds to:

A voltmeter is always connected in the circuit:

An ideal ammeter should have:

A clamp-meter measures current without breaking the circuit by using the principle of a:

In a wattmeter (electrodynamometer type), the current coil is connected:

A household energy meter (induction type) records energy based on:

A Megger is primarily used to measure:

A tachometer is used to measure:

An instrument transformer (CT/PT) is primarily used to:

In an open-loop control system:

A closed-loop control system is characterized by:

The transfer function of a system is defined as:

In mechanical system modeling, the element analogous to electrical resistance (force-voltage analogy) is:

In the force-voltage analogy, mechanical mass is analogous to electrical:

Liquid level systems are typically modeled using an analogy to which type of electrical circuit?

Thermal systems (temperature vs heat flow) are commonly modeled analogous to:

In modeling a DC motor as an electromechanical system, the electrical and mechanical sub- models are coupled through the:

A gear system in mechanical modeling is analogous to which electrical device?

Sensors, encoders, and generators are typically modeled in a control system block diagram as a:

When two blocks are connected in series (cascade) in a block diagram, the overall transfer function is:

For a negative feedback control system with forward path G and feedback path H, the overall closed-loop transfer function is:

A signal flow graph represents a system using:

Mason’s Gain Formula is used to:

Which of the following is NOT one of the standard test signals used in control system analysis?

The response of a first-order system to a unit step input is characterized by:

A second-order system with damping ratio ζ < 1 is classified as:

Moving a summing point or take-off point in a block diagram generally requires:

Block diagrams and signal flow graphs are:

When two blocks are connected in parallel in a block diagram, the overall transfer function is found by:

A system is said to be BIBO stable if:

For a linear system to be stable, all closed-loop poles must lie in the:

The Routh-Hurwitz criterion determines system stability by:

A necessary (but not sufficient) condition for a system to be stable, based on the characteristic equation, is that:

The root locus plot shows how the closed-loop poles move as:

A Bode plot consists of:

For a stable system based on Bode plot criteria, the gain crossover frequency should occur:

The Nyquist stability criterion determines closed-loop stability by:

Gain Margin (GM) is defined as:

For a control system to be stable, both the Gain Margin and Phase Margin should be: